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1309-64-4 三氧化二锑 cas号1309-64-4分子式、结构式、MSDS、熔点、沸点
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1309-64-4 三氧化二锑 结构式图片
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1309-64-4 三氧化二锑

三氧化二锑
分类:氧化物 包装:100g/件
品牌:麦克林 纯度:AR,99.5%
主营:碘甲烷; 二碳酸二叔丁酯; 正丁基锂; 三氯氧磷(V); N-溴代丁二酰亚胺;
参考价:¥41.9/100g
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vip3年
名称和标识我要纠错
中文别名 英文别名
A 120 (corrosion inhibitor)AN 800antimoniousoxideAntimony Bloom100AAntimony oxideAntimony trioxideAntimonyoxideelecgrwhitepowderAntimonyoxidepowderdiantimony trioxideChemetron Fire ShieldFSPO 405LS-FRC.I. 77052Antimonyoxide (SbO1.5)Fireshield FSPO 405KN (oxide)Atox SAtox RMSA(flame retardant)ExiteliteAP 50 (metal oxide)Patox CPatox AAT 3BFireShield HFlame Cut 610RF 45 (oxide)AT 3CNFlameguard VF 59Nyacol A 1510LPHM 203PLSB 80Antimony whiteantimonytrioxideproductionantimonyoxide(sb2o3)antimonywhiteantimonyoxide(o3sb2)antimonyoxideo3sb2antimonyperoxideantimonysesquioxidePerformax 401Timonox RTTriox BlancUFUltrafine IIRAC 1Thermoguard SPyroguard AN 900White Star NThermoguard BTMS (flameretardant)Sanka Anchimonzol CPatox MKPatox SPatox PPatox LPatox KPatox HSHLB 80Polysafe 100TTrutin 40StibitalPyroguard AN 800Timonox Red Star展开∨
Inchi
InChI=1/3O.2Sb/q3*-2;2*+3
InChkey
ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
物化属性我要纠错
外观与形状:白色 粉末 密度:5.2 熔点:656℃ (subl.) 沸点:1456℃ 闪光点:°C 储存条件:库房通风低温干燥,与食品原料,BRF3和氯化了的橡胶分开存放 颜色:CRYSTALS, POLYMORPHIC
  • PSA:43.37000
  • LOGP:-0.30600
  • 安全信息我要纠错
    符号:GHS08; 信号词:Warning 危害声明:H351 包装等级:III 危险类别:6.1 海关编码:28258000 危险品运输编码:UN 9201 WGK Germany:2 危险类别码:R40 安全说明:S22;S36/37 RTECS号:CC5650000 危险品标志:Xn
    生产方法及用途我要纠错
    生产方法 分为干法和湿法。干法是由辉锑矿或金属锑经焙烧氧化制得产品的方法。湿法是辉锑矿或金属锑采用液相法与酸反应制得产品的方法。
    1. 干法辉锑矿(Sb2
    S3)于1000℃在焦炭存在下煅烧。将氧化生成的三氧化二锑蒸气收集起来,经冷凝后,用纯碱做助熔剂,与焦炭经加热还原生成金属锑。所得金属锑再在空气中氧化即得三氧化二锑。其反应式:...
    用途 优良的无机白色颜料,主要用于油漆的着色。用于各种树脂、合成橡胶、帆布、纸张、涂料等的阻燃剂,石油化工、合成纤维的催化剂。用于制造媒染剂、乳白剂,是合成锑盐的原料。搪瓷工业用作增加珐琅的不透明性和表面光泽。玻璃工业用作代替亚砷酸的脱色剂。

    第2部分 危险性概述

    紧急情况概述:

    怀疑会致癌。

    GHS危险性类别:

    致癌性 类别 2

    标签要素:
    象形图:
    警示词:

    警告

    危险性说明:

    H351 怀疑会致癌。

    防范说明:
    • 预防措施:
      • P201 使用前取得专用说明。
      • P202 在阅读并明了所有安全措施 前切勿搬动。
      • P280 戴防护手套/穿防护服/戴防 护眼罩/戴防护面具。
    • 事故响应:
      • P308+P313 如接触到或有疑虑: 求医/就诊。
    • 安全储存:
      • P405 存放处须加锁。
    • 废弃处置:
      • P501 按当地法规处置内装物/容器。
    物理和化学危险:
    无资料
    健康危害:
    怀疑会致癌。
    环境危害:
    无资料
    毒性参考我要纠错
    • 毒性:急性中毒表现为对呼吸道、消化道及皮肤的刺激作用。慢性中毒可影响新陈代谢、使皮肤干燥,手指和鼻周皲裂,并可引起变态反应性病症(湿疹、荨麻疹)。通过呼吸道中毒时,可给大量甜茶或咖啡饮料、阿司匹林、氨基吡啉。吞入粉尘中毒时,可用鞣酸溶液、蛋白水反复洗胃,服用温牛奶、黏液饮料(大麦米汤)。空气中最高容许浓度为1 mg/m3。操作时使用防护用品。要防止粉尘形成和排放到车间空气中。
    计算化学数据
    • 分子量:291.5182g/mol
    • 准确质量:291.792778
    • 同位素质量:289.79238
    • 复杂度:0
    • 可旋转化学键数量:0
    • 氢键供体数量:0
    • 氢键受体计数:3
    • 拓扑极表面积:3
    • 重原子数量:5
    • 确定原子立构中心数量:0
    • 不确定原子立构中心数量:0
    • 确定化学键立构中心数量:0
    • 不确定化学键立构中心数量:0
    • 同位素原子计数:0
    • 共价键单元数量:5
    其他
    Preparation of antimony trioxide from antimony potassium tartrate Add the ammonia into the boiling liquid of antimony potassium (one part of antimony potassium tartrate K (SbO) C4H4O6 is dissolved in 10 parts of water); boil for a period of time, filtered, wash to give antimony trioxide.
    Among them, only trace amounts of silicon, magnesium has been detected from the antimony trioxide generated from the hydrolysis method through spectroscopy qualitative analysis. It is suitable as spectral analysis standard.
    Add 15 g of analytic purity grade antimony trioxide to the 500 mL beaker, further add 30ml of high purity hydrochloric acid (1 + 1), and dissolve it under stirring. Filter the solution with washed sand glass funnel to remove insoluble impurities. Further dilute it to 400 mL with high purity water when white chlorine oxide antimony is precipitated. Once the solution becomes clear, decant the supernatant liquid and wash the precipitate through decantation for several times. To the washed precipitate, add 200 mL of high-purity ammonia (1 + 25) and boil for 5~10min, when the antimony oxychloride all becomes antimony trioxide. The generated antimony trioxide particle is much smaller than the antimony oxychloride. Pour out the clearing solution and boil again for several times using the same method in dilute ammonia. Check the washed solution with silver nitrate; when the poured liquid no longer contains chlorine ions, all the antimony oxychloride has been completely converted to antimony trioxide. Then use high-purity water decantation for wash the precipitate for several times. Use Buchner funnel for filtration and then wash the precipitate with high purity water until the washed liquid becomes neutral again. The washed precipitate is dried in an oven at 150 ℃ to constant weight; take it out after cooling to get the final product of antimony trioxide.
    Reference: Xinyou Wu, Shengquan, and Jinxian Zhai, “Manual for Purification and preparation of analytical reagent” Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press.
    锑氧化合物 三氧化二锑与四氧化锑、五氧化锑是目前具有工业用途的三种锑与氧形成的化合物,锑与氧可形成一系列氧化物,其中有Sb2O3、Sb2O4、Sb2O5、Sb6O13、Sb2O及气态的SbO,但只有前三种在工业生产上具有意义,其他氧化物多为锑的不同生产过程中的过渡产物。
    三氧化二锑(Sb2O3,Mr291.50)是双型的物质,有立方晶型和单斜晶型两种。晶型不同,密度和折射率略有差异。立方晶型的密度和折射率分别为5.2和2.087,而单斜晶型则分别为5.67和2.180。平常由SbCl3水解生成的Sb2O3是斜方结晶体,在惰性气体或真空中灼烧至红热,升华而得到正方形结晶。三氧化二锑是白色粉末,密度为5.67g/cm3,加热时变黄色,冷却后又变为白色。在656℃时熔成淡黄色或灰色液体,冷却后又变成白色石棉状带丝光的物质。三氧化二锑微溶于水、乙醇和稀酸,易溶于浓盐酸、草酸和酒石酸溶液,也溶于发烟硝酸和发烟硫酸; 溶于碱中形成锑酸盐。三氧化二锑的毒性不大,但对鼻、眼、喉及呼吸道等器官有刺激性作用,接触皮肤可诱发皮炎。三氧化二锑主要有干法和湿法两种制备方法。干法是将硫锑矿锻烧生成的粗三氧化二锑在焦炭存在下,用纯碱作助熔剂还原为金属锑,再经空气氧化制得纯三氧化二锑。湿法是将硫锑矿用盐酸浸出生成三氯化锑,再用苛性钠水解而得。
    三氧化二锑的两种晶型结构图
    图1为三氧化二锑的两种晶型结构图
    以上信息由Chemicalbook的晓楠编辑整理。
    急性毒性 腹腔-大鼠 LD50: 3250 毫克/公斤; 腹腔-小鼠 LD50: 172 毫克/公斤 Purification Methods Dissolve the trioxide in the minimum volume of dilute HCl, filter, and add six volumes of water to precipitate the basic antimonous chloride (free from Fe and Sb2O5). The precipitate is redissolved in dilute HCl, and added slowly, with stirring, to a boiling solution (containing a slight excess) of Na2CO3. The oxide is filtered off, washed with hot water, then boiled and filtered. The process is repeated until the filtrate gives no test for chloride ions. The product is dried in a vacuum desiccator [Schuhmann J Am Chem Soc 46 52 1924]. After one crystallisation (precipitation), the oxide from a Chinese source had: metal (ppm) Al (8), Ag (0.2), As (56), Cr (6), Ge (0.4), Mn (0.2), Na (16), Ni (2.2) Pb (2.4), Sn (0.4) and V (32). It sublimes in a vacuum at 400o, being yellow on heating and pale buff in colour on cooling. [Schenk in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 615-616 1963.] Aqua regia. This is prepared by adding slowly concentrated HNO3 (1 volume) to concentrated hydrochloric acid (3 volumes) in a glass container. This mixture is used to dissolve metals, including noble metals and alloys, as well as minerals and refractory substances. It is done by suspending the material and boiling (EFFICIENT FUME CUPBOARD - EYE PROTECTION] to dryness and repeating the process until the residue dissolves in H2O. If the aqua regia is to be stored for long periods it is advisable to dilute it with one volume of H2O which will prevent it from releasing chlorine and other chloro and nitrous compounds which are objectionable and toxic. Store it cool in a fume cupboard. However, it is good laboratory practice to prepare it freshly and dispose of it down the fume cupboard sink with copious amounts of water. 生产方法 分为干法和湿法。干法是由辉锑矿或金属锑经焙烧氧化制得产品的方法。湿法是辉锑矿或金属锑采用液相法与酸反应制得产品的方法。
    干法辉锑矿(Sb2S3)于1000℃在焦炭存在下煅烧。将氧化生成的三氧化二锑蒸气收集起来,经冷凝后,用纯碱做助熔剂,与焦炭经加热还原生成金属锑。所得金属锑再在空气中氧化即得三氧化二锑。其
    2Sb2S3+9O2→2Sb2O3+6SO2↑
    Sb2O3+3C→2Sb+3CO↑
    4Sb+3O2→2Sb2O3
    湿法
    锑盐氨解法将金属锑与氯气反应生成三氯化锑,经蒸馏、水解、氨解、洗涤、离心分离、干燥,制得三氧化二锑成品。其
    2Sb+3C12→2SbC13
    SbCl3+H2O→SbOCl+2HCl
    4SbOCl+H2O→Sb2O3?2SbOCl+2HCl
    2SbOC1?Sb2O3+2NH4OH→2Sb2O3+2NH4CI+H2O
    以辉锑矿为原料盐酸法辉锑矿与盐酸作用,在硝酸存在下发生反应,经水解、沉淀、烘干即得成品。
    毒性分级 中毒 可燃性危险特性 可燃; 燃烧产生有毒锑化物烟雾 Waste Disposal Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. 灭火剂 干粉,泡沫,沙土,二氧化碳, 雾状水 Production method The preparation method of antimony oxide method is divided into dry and wet method. Dry method includes antimony metal and stibnite method; wet including acid leaching and antimony salt decomposition method.
    Dry
    Antimony metal method (dry method); Reaction equation:
    Sb + O2 → Sb2O3
    Methods of operation: 700 kg of 99.8% antimony metal (sulfur containing 29 × 10-6) was heated in a graphite furnace to 1200 ℃; pour into air for 5 min within 0.3m3/min, until the sulfur dioxide content in exhaust≤5 × 10-6, cool to 786 ℃, pour into air for12 h at the rate of 2m3/min to obtain the antimony oxide with the yield being 92.1%.
    Stibnite (dry method); Reaction equation:
    2Sb2S3 + 9O2 → 2Sb2O3 + 6SO2 ↑
    Sb2O3 + 3C → 2Sb + 3CO ↑
    4Sb + O2 → 2Sb2O3
    Operation: Select the high grade stibnite containing Sb 50%~60%, As 0.1%, Pb 0.007%, Fe 0.16%, S 11.42%, Al2O3 0.66%, CaO 4.75%, MgO <0.5%, SiO2 8.65%, HgO 0.0026%. Mix this concentrate together with iron ore (Fe 50.17%) containing 10% antimony concentrate as well as 2% limestone (CaO> 50%) and add them into the fuming furnace slag bath at a certain speed, put air, coal mixture into it to adjust the temperature of the liquid slag as well as atmosphere in the furnace to maintain the temperature being at about 1250 °C, and the gas phase CO2/CO in the furnace gas phase being 4.78, 1 g PO2 =-8.33, add the material for continuous melting. The antimony is mainly existed Sb2O3 (with a small amount being in sulfide form) was constantly fumed into the gas phase; upon the purification of flue gas, transfer the sulfide into Sb2O3 through the burning in flue and combustion chamber with the oxides in the flue gas being separately collected separately in each part of collecting device, wherein antimony oxide is collected in flue vortex. The fume and dust collected by the electrostatic precipitator has high purity and can be used as antimony oxide. The collected dust and tail gas is released after the absorption of sulfur dioxide. After completion of the addition of the material, continuously put air and coal for melting and fuming for about 1h; when the fume is almost free of white volatiles, the process ends; release 2/3 slag.
    Acid leaching method (wet). Reaction equation:
    Sb2S3 + 6HCl → 2SbCl3 + 3H2S ↑
    SbCl3 + H2O → SbOCl + 2HCl
    2SbOCl + 2NH4OH → Sb2O3 + NH4Cl + H2O
    operation method: Take 600 kg of antimony sulfide ore containing Sb 60.07%, Pb 0.9% and less than 60 mesh, continuously add into acid leaching tub with the leaching solution composition being HCl 1.0mol/L, Fe2 + 70g/L (added FeCl2), Sb3 + 4.2 g/L, leaching solution: solid = 2: 1, apply steam heating to 80 ℃; Under mechanical stirring, put into chlorine gas for extraction for 6h; Filter, purify to get a leaching liquid containing Sb 283g/L; further apply hydrolysis at room temperature; antimony oxychloride was washed several times by water and further neutralized with ammonia for 30min to have pH = 8~9; further wash to pH = 7, filter and dry to give 406 kg of antimony oxide powder which contains Sb2O3: 99.80%, particle size being lower than 325 mesh, and whiteness being 97%.
    Antimony salt solution (wet). Reaction equation:
    2Sb + 3Cl2 → 2SbCl3
    SbCl3 + H2O → SbOCl + 2HCl
    4SbOCl + H2O → Sb2O3 ? 2SbOCl + 2HCl
    Sb2O3 ? 2SbOCl + 2NH4OH → 2Sb2O3 + 2NH4Cl + H2O
    Methods of operation: metal antimony is reacted with chlorine to generate antimony trichloride, which is further subjects to distillation, hydrolysis, ammonolysis, washing, centrifuge and separation, and drying to obtain the finished product of antimony trioxide.
    用酒石酸锑钾制取三氧化二锑 把氨水加入酒石酸锑钾的沸液中 (一份酒石酸锑钾K(SbO) C4H4O6溶于10份水中),煮沸一段时间,过滤、洗涤后即得到三氧化二锑
    其中水解法所制备的三氧化二锑经光谱定性分析仅检出了痕量的硅、镁。适于作光谱分析标准。
    在500ml烧杯中加入15g分析纯三氧化锑,再加入30ml高纯盐酸 (1+1),在搅拌下使之溶解。用洗净的玻璃砂漏斗抽滤溶液,除去不溶性杂质,然后用高纯水将滤液稀释至400ml,此时析出白色氯氧化锑的沉淀。等溶液澄清后,将清液倾出,用倾泻法洗涤沉淀数次。在洗好的沉淀中,加入高纯氨水 (1+25) 200 ml,煮沸5~10min,此时氯氧化锑转变为三氧化二锑,生成的三氧化二锑颗粒较氯氧化锑小得多。倾出清液,用同样方法再用稀氨水煮沸几次。用硝酸银检查洗涤液,当倾出液中不再含有氯离子时,即已全部转化为三氧化二锑。再用高纯水倾泻法洗涤沉淀几次。用布氏漏斗抽滤后再用高纯水洗涤沉淀至洗液为中性时为止。洗好的沉淀于烘箱中150℃下烘干至恒量,取出冷却后即为三氧化二锑成品。
    参考资料:吴辛友,袁盛铨,翟金铣 编.分析试剂的提纯与配制手册.北京:冶金工业出版社.
    生产方法 锑白的制备方法分为干法和湿法两种。干法包括金属锑法和辉锑矿法;湿法包括酸浸法和锑盐分解法。
    干法
    金属锑法(干法)。反应方程式:
    Sb+O2→Sb2O3
    操作方法: 700 kg 99.8%金属锑(含29×10-6的硫)在石墨炉中加热至1200℃,以0.3m3/min通空气5min,直至排气中二氧化硫含量≤5×10-6,冷却至786℃,以2m3/min速度鼓空气12h,得锑白收率为92.1%。
    辉锑矿法(干法)。反应方程式:
    2Sb2S3+9O2→2Sb2O3+6SO2↑
    Sb2O3+3C→2Sb+3CO↑
    4Sb+O2→2Sb2O3
    操作方法: 选择高品位辉锑矿含Sb 50%~60%,As 0.1%,Pb 0.007%,Fe 0.16%, S 11.42%, Al2O3 0.66%,CaO 4.75%,MgO<0.5%, SiO2 8.65%, HgO 0.0026%。将此精矿与占锑精矿量10%的铁矿(Fe 50.17%)和2%石灰石 (CaO>50%)混合,按一定速度加入烟化炉液渣熔池,鼓入空气、煤粉混合物以调节液渣的温度和炉内气氛,使温度保持在1250℃左右,炉内气相中CO2/CO为4.78, 1 g PO2=-8.33,加入炉料不断熔化,锑主要以Sb2O3、少量以硫化物形态不断烟化进入气相,在净化烟气时,经烟道及燃烧室吸风燃烧,把硫化物转化为Sb2O3,烟气中的氧化物随后在各段收尘设备中分别收集之。其中烟道旋涡收集的为锑氧,电收尘器收集的烟尘纯度较高,可作为锑白使用,收尘尾气经吸收二氧化硫后排空。加完给定炉料后,鼓入风煤继续熔化及烟化约1h,烟气中基本无白色挥发物时,则过程结束,放出2/3炉渣。
    酸浸法(湿法)。反应方程式:
    Sb2S3+6HCl→2SbCl3+3H2S↑
    SbCl3+H2O→SbOCl+2HCl
    2SbOCl+2NH4OH→Sb2O3+NH4Cl+H2O 操作方法: 取含Sb 60.07%, Pb 0.9%, 60目以下的硫化锑矿600kg, 陆续加入耐酸浸出桶,浸出液成分为HCl 1.0mol/L, Fe2+ 70g/L (加入FeCl2),Sb3+ 4.2 g/L, 浸出液:固体=2:1,蒸汽加热至80℃,在机械搅拌下,通入氯气浸出6h。过滤、净化,得含Sb 283g/L浸出液,常温水解,氯氧锑经清水多次洗涤,在用氨水中和30min,pH=8~9,再洗至pH=7,过滤后烘干,得锑白粉406kg,其中含Sb2O3 99.80%,粒度325目以下,白度97%。
    锑盐分解法(湿法)。反应方程式:
    2Sb+3Cl2→2SbCl3
    SbCl3+H2O→SbOCl+2HCl
    4SbOCl+H2O→Sb2O3·2SbOCl+2HCl
    Sb2O3·2SbOCl+2NH4OH→2Sb2O3+2NH4Cl+H2O
    操作方法: 将金属锑与氯气反应生成三氯化锑,经蒸馏、水解、氨解、洗涤、离心分离、干燥,制得三氧化二锑成品。
    添加型阻燃剂 三氧化二锑是应用广泛的添加型阻燃剂,适用于聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚酯、环氧树脂、聚氨酯等塑料的通用阻燃剂。单独使用时阻燃效果低,与磷酸酯、含氯化合物(如氯化石蜡、多氯联苯、全氯戍环癸烷等)、含溴化合物(如六溴联苯、六溴苯)并用,有良好的协同效应,阻燃效能显著提高。三氧化二锑与氯化物或溴化物并用时,生成氯化锑或溴化锑,它们都是反应性和挥发性物质,在固态时可以促进卤素的移动和碳化物的生成,在气态时可以捕捉自由基,这些反应都有助于阻燃。常和氧化锌,氢氧化钠等作为溴系阻燃剂的协效剂在塑胶防火体系中应用。三氧化二锑可用于制造酒石酸锑钾、颜料、瓷器釉彩、媒染剂等。还用作聚酯缩聚时的催化剂。
    优级品三氧化二锑的参考质量标准
    图2为优级品三氧化二锑的参考质量标准
    化学性质 白色或灰色斜方晶系或等轴晶系粉末。 溶于盐酸、氢氧化钾、硫化钠、酒石酸、浓硫酸、浓硝酸,不溶于水、醇、稀硫酸。 储运特性 库房通风低温干燥; 与食品原料, BRF3 和氯化了的橡胶分开存放 Chemical Properties White or gray mineral, sometimes pale red, white streak and adamantine or silky luster. Mohs hardness 2–3. 职业标准 TWA 0.5 毫克 (锑)/立方米 Antimony oxides Antimony trioxide, together antimony tetroxide and antimony pentoxide, are the current three compounds forming between antimony and oxygen with industrial application. Antimony can form a series of oxide with oxygen such as Sb2O3, Sb2O4, Sb2O5, Sb6O13, and Sb2O as well as gaseous SbO. However, only the first three compounds have significance in industrial production with other oxides mostly being the transition product of various kinds of antimony production process.
    Antimony trioxide (Sb2O3, Mr291.50) is a dual-type substance including cubic crystal and monoclinic crystal type. For different crystal form, the density and refractive index also slightly differ. The density and refractive index of cubic crystal is 5.2 and 2.087, respectively while is 5.67 and 2.18 for the monoclinic crystal, respectively. The Sb2O3 commonly derived from hydrolysis of SbCl3 is rhombic crystal can burn to red heat in an inert gas or in vacuum and can generate square crystal upon sublimation. Antimony trioxide is a kind of white powder with the density being 5.67g/cm3. It becomes yellow when being heated and turn back to white upon being cooled. Upon 656 ℃, it can be molten into yellow or gray liquid with becoming white asbestos-like mercerizing substance. Antimony trioxide is slightly soluble in water, ethanol and dilute acid, easily soluble in concentrated hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid and tartaric acid, and is also soluble in fuming nitric acid and fuming sulfuric acid; it form antimonite upon be dissolved in alkali. Antimony trioxide has a low toxicity but has irritation effect on nose, eyes, throat and respiratory tract. Skin contact may induce dermatitis. Antimony trioxide mainly has two preparation methods including dry and wet. Dry method is through reducing the crude sulfur trioxide generated from the calcined sulfantimonide ore into metallic antimony in the presence of coke with soda as the melting promoting agent. The wet method is through leaching sulfur antimony ore with hydrochloric acid to generate antimony trichloride and further hydrolysis with caustic soda to obtain it.
    the two crystal types of antimony trioxide
    Figure 1 the two crystal types of antimony trioxide
    类别 有毒物品
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